Improvement of the ignition system of Alpha mopeds

Moped owners will be very interested in learning how to properly install the switch on your moped.

Switch

- this is a device that is responsible for supplying high voltage pulses to the spark plug. This device works in tandem with an ignition coil.

First, let's look at what types of moped switches there are. There are not many of them, only three:

1. Switch with built-in high voltage generator (DC CDI)
2. A switch that needs a high voltage source (AC CDI)
3. Coil-commutator

Let's look at each briefly.

DC switch

Due to its ease of connection, this is one of the most common moped switches. The most basic model has only 4 contacts:

1. Ignition coil
2. Hall Sensor
3. Plus(12V);
4. Minus

Switches of this type exist in various modifications:

• with max. limiter rpm
• without limiter
• with additional contacts
• with changing ignition timing

How to check the ignition coil yourself?

You can check how the ignition coil works quite simply:

1. First, you need to get to it by dismantling the body of the vehicle.
2. There are two contacts suitable for the part; you need to disconnect them.
3. First, the resistance of the primary winding is measured. Measure it with a multimeter on the two terminals of the wires that you disconnected. Different models should have different levels of resistance; check the normal level for your ignition coil in the technical documentation.
4. Now check the secondary. For it, the resistance values ​​should be higher (and an order of magnitude greater if measurements are taken together with the core).

AC switch

This type of moped switch works great without 12V DC. Despite its simpler design, it has a slightly more complicated connection to the moped's electrical circuit. This type of switch, due to its small size, exists without a max. limiter. rpm, and can also work in conditions under which the DC switch is inoperable. That is, by removing the battery, the ignition switch, and the relay-regulator, the moped with the AC switch will start and drive.

Spark plug, high-voltage wire, tip

Next on the list is the spark plug. It happens that an apparently serviceable spark plug does not work, so it is better to immediately replace the spark plug with a known serviceable one. Even if the spark plug was in good working order, it’s okay, spark plugs are “consumables”.

Be sure to take a spark plug recommended by the moped manufacturer, or its complete analogue, selected from the catalog. Do not listen to “experts” who recommend non-standard spark plugs, for example, with an increased gap or three electrodes.

If the spark plug is working but there is no spark, check the tip of the spark plug and the high-voltage wire. There should be no mechanical damage or cracks on them.

Alfa moped switch

In this part of the article, we will look at the pinout feature of the switch for the Alpha moped (and, to boot, the Delta), and also find out the purpose of each wire. All information is presented in the diagram below.

It is noteworthy that the same switches can be installed on mopeds of various brands of Chinese production, since there are a lot of Alpha clones.

As we can see, the pinout of this switch is very simple.

Pinout

1. Black and yellow wire 1
   goes to the ignition coil.
2. Black-red wire 2
   is responsible for power.
3. Contact 3
   is missing in principle.
4. Black and white wire 4
   is responsible for turning off the engine and goes to the ignition switch.
5. Blue-white pin 5
   goes to the Hall sensor.
6. The last, green pin 6
   is ground.

Alfa moped wiring diagram : features of domestic operation

With the development of trade relations between Russia and China, in addition to traditional knitted goods and consumer electronics, various auto and motorcycle equipment began to be imported en masse to our country. And since the domestic motorcycle industry was experiencing a decline, the new items were to the taste of motorcyclists and began to be purchased en masse for their own needs.

Classic look of the Alpha

Of particular interest is the ALPHA moped with an air-cooled engine, which is sold in the Russian Federation as “ Alpha”

110cc" or "
Alpha
49". The numbers in the name indicate the engine displacement:

1. 49 cc four-stroke air-cooled engine. cm, power 4.5 hp;
2. 110 cc four-stroke air-cooled engine. cm, power 7 hp.

Mopeds, due to their external resemblance to motorcycles, differ from scooters, although they represent a separate class. However, the combination of technical parameters, ease of do-it-yourself maintenance and low operating cost have made this moped a sales leader on the Russian motorcycle market.

For reference: in China, several manufacturers assemble the ALPHA model. Among them are Horse, Chong Qing Bull, WONJAN, Omaks and a number of others. Companies such as AVM and SMoto also assemble mopeds in Russia. At the same time, the wiring diagram of the Alpha is identical, regardless of the location of assembly.

Specifications

Alpha Sport, a stylish black moped made in Asia, is distinguished by the following characteristics:

• engine capacity is 110 cubic centimeters;
• fuel tank volume - 6.5 liters;
• there is an electric starter as a starting system;
• carburetor as a fuel injection system;
• the model is capable of reaching a speed of 100 kilometers per hour;
• the moped weighs no more than 85 kilograms;
• braking system - rear and front brake;
• transmission - mechanical 4-speed;
• shock absorbers - 2 pcs;
• wheel size - 17 inches.

The model is also equipped with a trunk (rear) and an alarm. The engine is air cooled. Additional dynamics are provided by an extremely powerful engine, and a strict sporty exterior - in particular, by creative colors, a compact fairing and reliable black wheels.

Alpha Sport, equipped with everything necessary for a safe and comfortable trip, and capable of withstanding a load of even 120 kg, behaves predictably even off-road. A pleasant bonus is that there is no need to register motorcycle equipment or purchase a driver’s license.

Advantages

Additionally, the model is equipped with special mudguards on the front and rear wheels. These elements allow you not to be afraid of dirty splashes even in the most inclement weather.

Service Features

Unfortunately, motorcycle suppliers do not always take into account the specific features of a particular type of vehicle.

, suggesting that low price is king. In particular, the majority of mopeds supplied to Russia under the ALPHA brand are not designed for our climatic and road conditions.

Original wiring diagram for an Alpha moped with 49 and 110 cc engines. cm

This manifests itself in the following:

1. Most mopeds are used off-road (in rural areas, for trips to nature, fishing, etc.). And factory tires, alloy rims, springs and shock absorbers are not designed for such loads;
2. The quality of gasoline and oil is also far from ideal, which affects the performance parameters of the moped;
3. The moped is not intended for operation at sub-zero temperatures.

Weight check

If there is any suspicion of a malfunction of any scooter ignition module, the ground is first checked. Although, mass in two-wire wiring is a relative concept, but for now let’s call it that.

We take the tester, switch it to the “continuity” mode (diode icon or sound signal icon), look for green wires on the switch - this is something other than ground (in Feng Shui - negative wire), touch the metal part of the engine with any probe of the tester, with another poke the probe into the green wires:

• If there is mass, the tester will beep
• If the mass is bad, numbers will appear on the tester display
• If there is no mass, the tester will be silent, and the screen will show only zeros

Depending on what the tester shows you, fix the problem or continue testing:

• If the ground is bad, look for a break or oxidation in the wiring
• If there is no ground, look for an open circuit or connect it directly from the engine
• If there is mass, but there is no spark, we continue checking

An example of a good mass: the tester beeps in the “dialing” mode, the display shows solid zeros

Features of electrical equipment

Unlike domestic motorcycles and mopeds, Alpha

already in the basic version it has a number of advantages:

1. Electronic 12V ignition;
2. Electric starter;
3. Electronic tachometer on the instrument panel.

Wiring on
Alpha moped with an electronic switch in the ignition system
For reference: electronic ignition ensures trouble-free engine starting and stable operation in all operating modes. A simple circuit and the ease of replacing failed components with your own hands greatly simplifies the use of the vehicle.

Ignition installation instructions

It is very important to correctly set the spark moment to ignite the fuel in a vehicle - the operation of the engine depends on it.

• disassemble the crankcase and make notes of the lower and upper positions of the piston;
• unscrew the spark plug and then turn the shaft until a spark appears, make a mark on the crankcase;
• you need to set the torque so that ignition occurs 2-3 mm below the top point of the piston;
• Loosen the alternator bolts and follow your moped's instructions to adjust the commutator.

Energy sources

The moped uses a circuit with a battery power source. The manufacturer does not recommend its operation without a battery, and the wiring diagram for the Alpha is additionally equipped with a relay regulator (see also the wiring diagram for UAZ 31512).

The wiring to Alpha is protected from voltage surges

The six-coil generator also copes well with its duties:

1. Maintains voltage throughout the entire engine speed range;
2. Ensures that the headlights and headlights work while driving.

For reference: the factory instructions do not allow the installation of additional lighting fixtures. Also prohibited for use on a moped

headlight lamps exceed the power specified in the technical documentation.

Control and management bodies

The presence of informative devices makes the operation of the moped quite simple, which attracts many buyers. Moreover, which is typical, a fairly large number of beginners decide to buy a two-wheeled vehicle

, choosing
Alpha
.

Alfa moped wiring diagram

with electronic tachometer

The equally simple operation of the moped also contributes to its popularity. All basic vehicle

placed on the steering wheel, and their status is displayed on the instrument panel:

1. Speed ​​mode;
2. Engine speed;
3. Battery charge state;
4. Daily and total mileage (see also Ural motorcycle wiring diagram).

Photo of the instrument panel on the Alpha

Moped maintenance

Like any vehicle, Alpha require routine maintenance, the essence of which boils down to:

1. Replacement of parts and assemblies whose service life has expired;
2. Setting up and restoring the factory parameters of the main components and assemblies;
3. Visual inspection of the moped to identify damage.

Chinese engines quite confidently “maintain” 20,000 km on our domestic fuels and lubricants without breakdowns or overhaul of the piston group. The main thing is to change the oil in a timely manner, especially during the break-in period.

If you do not operate the moped in harsh conditions (winter, cross-country racing, etc.), then all oil seals and rubber seals will also last a long time.

Tip: Change your air filter often. This will save the carburetor and make it easier to start the engine in all operating modes.

Meaning

The main reason for buying a “sports” switch is the thirst for freebies. Many people mistakenly believe that since the switch says “sports”, then putting it on a scooter will immediately add several hundred rubles to the merchant’s pocket three times in power and a couple of times in maximum speed. Yeah, we were daydreaming.

Freebies in matters of tuning DO NOT EXIST AND NEVER EXISTED! Normal tuning costs a lot of money: if you charge an ordinary “Chinese” on average, then this pleasure will cost at least 35,000 rubles. Yes, it’s more expensive than buying a “sports” switch for the equivalent of a couple of bottles of vodka, but with such an investment the power will increase significantly and the maximum speed will increase by about half.

conclusions

Chinese-made mopeds are simple and easy to use. We hope that the video in this article along with the original wiring diagrams will help you in maintaining your two- wheeler . And the tips will help you avoid mistakes (see also the Java 638 wiring diagram).

Modern mopeds and scooters are equipped with an electronic ignition system CDI (from the English Capacitor Discharge Ignition), popular with us since the 70s of the last century and called thyristor or capacitor. It is based on discharging a capacitor through the primary winding of the ignition coil and an open thyristor to produce sparking in the spark plugs. However, adjustment of the ignition angle (AF) on these mopeds is not provided. The author, through simple changes in the switch block circuit, introduced ultrasonic adjustment, which qualitatively affected the operation of the engine.

Payment for purchases from electronic wallets

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Account replenishment and payment for orders occur in real time on the payment system website. QIWI Wallet will allow you to make payments by indicating your mobile phone number to which your Qiwi Wallet is registered.
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Refund procedure

To receive a full or partial refund to your card, you need to contact the online store manager. The money will automatically be returned to your card within 2-3 days. The exact refund period depends on how recently the order was placed and on the bank that issued the card (the maximum refund period cannot exceed 30 days).

Guarantee

Warranty period - the period during which, in the event of a defect in the Product, the manufacturer (performer), seller, authorized organization, importer is obliged to satisfy the client’s requirements to eliminate the defects of the Product. The seller is responsible for defects in the Goods unless he proves that the defects arose after the goods were transferred to the client as a result of the consumer’s violation of the rules for using, storing or transporting the goods, or the actions of third parties.

The warranty period begins:

•From the date of transfer of the Goods to the client, unless otherwise provided by the contract

•If the day cannot be determined, the period is calculated from the date of manufacture of the Goods

•For seasonal goods - from the beginning of the season

•For distance selling - from the day of delivery of the Product

Warranty service is the free elimination of product defects caused by the manufacturer, subject to compliance with the operating rules established by the manufacturer. All warranty and post-warranty servicing of goods is carried out by specialized authorized service centers of manufacturing companies that have the appropriate authority.

Exchange and return

If you have already received the goods earlier using a courier service or by mail, you can return it within 7 days from the date of delivery. All goods must be returned in their original packaging and in their original condition, consumer properties and unused condition.

To process a return, you need to fill out a return application (download), attach it to your order to be sent to our online store, and also be sure to duplicate a scan or photo of the application by email, in order to avoid problems in case the original is lost during transportation.

You can also return the goods to the office: 107370. Moscow, Otkrytoye Highway, Possession 14D, Building 2, by filling out a return application (download).

1. Exchange and return of goods of good quality

The Buyer has the right to refuse the ordered Product of proper quality at any time before the Order is executed, and after delivery of the Product - within 7 (seven) days, not counting the day of its purchase.