Which motorcycles do not require a license: features, description, recommendations

Categories of license to drive motorcycles

Currently, the main category for driving two-wheeled motor vehicles is A. This includes motorcycles, scooters and other similar vehicles. At first glance, everything is simple. However, if previously it was possible to obtain the appropriate license at 16, now the law requires that the driver be at least 18 years old. For those who can’t wait to get behind the wheel, category A1 is provided. It allows you to pass your license at 16, but you can only drive motorcycles with an engine capacity of no more than 125 cubic centimeters and a power of less than 11 kW.

Also, do not forget about subcategory B1 - these are tricycles and quadricycles, and category M - mopeds and light quadricycles. It is worthwhile to dwell on each individual case in more detail in order to determine what category of rights is needed for a motorcycle of one type or another.

Legal standards

The procedure for obtaining a temporary residence permit periodically undergoes a number of changes. According to the rules, you can only drive a car if you are 18 years old. Similar age restrictions apply to driving a motorcycle. When necessary, you can obtain two permits at once, because it is easiest to open category A in conjunction with a class B permit.

Please note: if you obtain a license of category M, A1 or B1, you can only drive those vehicles that fall within the specified tolerances. But an open type A permit gives the right to drive not only a motorcycle, but also any equipment from the above categories.

The essence of the procedure

To pass your motorcycle license, you will need to prove your knowledge. Moreover, the exam will be not only on theory, but also on practical part.

You can get the necessary training at a regular driving school, which has the appropriate department. It is permissible to contact a specialized motorcycle school.

Testing the theory

Before passing the practical part, you must demonstrate the acquired theoretical skills. This can be done in one of the traffic police departments, or at the place of training.

The entire course of the theoretical part in this category lasts about 110 hours. There is no question of undergoing external training (although there was such an opportunity before).

Please note: only those who recently (less than 3 months ago) passed the theoretical exam for category B are exempt from attending lectures. Often, time restrictions make this rule relevant only to people who open both categories at the same time.

Since the rules are the same for all road users, it will not be difficult for a person with driving experience to pass the theoretical exam for category A.

Driving

Only those who have passed the theoretical exam well can test their skills in practice. But in addition to good results, it is necessary to have positive recommendations from your driving instructor.

This part of the tests includes:

• Getting to know the training ground.
• Studying different brands of motorcycles.
• Application of acquired theoretical knowledge in practice.

There may be more driving lessons than required by law (at least 18 hours). In this case, the conditions are specified additionally. Moreover, the word “hour” means an astronomical period of time equal to 60 minutes.

The practical part is handed over at a specialized motorcycle or auto site. There are a number of exercises that must be completed in order to obtain a motorcycle license. They can be divided into 3 blocks and classified as follows:

• Acceleration-braking; overall semicircle; large corridor.
• Driving at low speed; rut board; snake
• Dimensional eight.

For the exam to be valid, all tasks must be presented with minimal errors. For each miss, a certain number of penalty points are awarded. The maximum allowed number is 4. Otherwise, the applicant is sent to retake.

Violations, as well as the amount of penalty points for each of them, are displayed in the table:

Driving is rented at the site. There is no need to travel to the city to conduct an exam for this category. After all parts of the exam are successfully passed, the student has the right to receive category A.

If the applicant fails to complete any task, he is given a retake date. This usually happens within a week. In this case, you are allowed to try to pass the practical exam for 6 months. This is stated in paragraph 12 of Government Resolution No. 1097. The main rule is to successfully pass the theoretical test.

Required documents

To obtain an appropriate driver's license, you must provide the following documents to the traffic police department:

1. Statement. A sample of it can be found on our website or at the traffic police department.
2. Identity document (usually a passport).
3. A piece of paper from a driving school indicating completion of all stages of training.
4. Medical certificate.
5. Receipt for payment of state duty.
6. Previously issued driver's license.
7. Photos in the amount of 2 pieces (depending on the department, they are taken on site).

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A candidate may be denied a license or a replacement license in some cases. Here they are:

• Insufficient number of documents provided.
• Any papers are unreliable.
• Poor health.
• The applicant was deprived of his rights in a category that was already open to him.

Obtaining a new permit with a valid driver's license in hand is not difficult at all. To open category A in the presence of B, a number of certain conditions must be met. This procedure can be simplified as much as possible if you open two permissions at the same time (A and B).

Scooters and mopeds

The traffic rules of the Russian Federation define a moped as a vehicle with two or three wheels, the engine capacity of which cannot be more than 50 cubic meters, and the maximum speed is 50 km/h. In this case, the location of the wheels does not matter.

A scooter (aka motor scooter) is easy to distinguish from other two-wheeled vehicles: the design includes a recess with a platform for the feet, thanks to which the driver does not sit astride, just like on a chair. As a rule, models with an engine capacity of up to 50 cm3 are supplied to the European market.

Such mopeds and scooters fall under category M. They are allowed to be driven from 16 years of age, and not from 14, as before. The category is automatically assigned upon receipt of any driver's license. For example, you can take an A1 or B license and immediately get an M.

But not all scooter models fall under the definition of a moped. There are scooters that can reach speeds of up to 150 km/h. In such cases, focusing on the engine size, you can understand what category of license is needed. A motorcycle up to 125 cubic centimeters requires category A1, with more power - A.

How to avoid responsibility?

Some “craftsmen” say that they have been riding motorcycles without licenses and license plates for several years. It is not worth repeating their achievement, since any meeting with a traffic police patrol is fraught with serious consequences. For the absence of numbers, another 5,000 rubles will be added to the fines indicated above. If the motorcycle has never been registered in the country and does not have documents certifying ownership, such a vehicle can simply be confiscated. The size of the punishment will depend on how the court classifies such a violation - for smuggling and theft you can get a considerable prison term, but in the absence of a criminal offense, the driver will get off with a warning and a small fine.

On the Internet you can often find recommendations on how to ride a motorcycle without a license. One of them indicates that to escape police pursuit it is enough to remove the helmet. Indeed, traffic police officers do not have the right to pursue a motorcyclist who is deprived of the required equipment, since they are responsible for the damage he receives in the event of an accident. However, this will only help if you have a couple of kilometers left to drive - otherwise, a traffic police post will be waiting for you on the highway, where they will issue fines for lack of a license, helmet and license plates, as well as for failure to comply with law enforcement requests to stop. If the police capture the distinctive features of a motorcycle or its driver on camera, you can expect a summons to court.

Some people say that driving a motorcycle as a minor should not be punished to the fullest extent of the law. However, after determining the identity of the minor driver, his parents will be sent a requirement to appear in court - the fine will be 2,500–5,000 rubles. Needless to say, the motorcycle will go to the impound lot for a long time? If a child suffers serious injury while driving a motorcycle, the court may consider a case of deprivation of parental rights - this is worth remembering when placing a dangerous vehicle in the hands of children.

Of course, not all advice should be immediately discarded. It happens that the most law-abiding motorcyclist forgets his license and is forced to get to his destination without them. Of course, we are talking about the way to work and back, but not about intercity trips. In this case, you should carefully check all your equipment, install a camera on your helmet if you have one, and drive at a speed of 50–60 km/h in the city. The likelihood that traffic police officers will simply let such a motorcyclist through is very high.

Light motorcycles

Motorcycles up to 125cc have a number of advantages over both mopeds and more powerful equipment. They reach speeds of up to 130 km/h and weigh little, so even beginners can handle them. In addition, the variety of models allows you to choose a convenient option for the city or for driving over rough terrain.

Which motorcycles do not require a license? Unfortunately, to operate equipment up to 125 cubic meters you will have to obtain category A1. The disadvantage of this option is that if you want to change the iron horse to something more serious, with a higher cubic capacity, you will need to attend a driving school again. Category A1 does not give the right to drive a motorcycle with a power higher than 11 kilowatts.

Features of customs clearance of motorcycles

Formally, the customs clearance procedure for a motorcycle consists of several stages:

• filing a declaration and other accompanying documents;
• checking the authenticity of documentation and the correctness of its completion;
• payment of customs duties.

The customs value of the motorcycle plays a big role in customs clearance. It includes:

• price;
• loading and transportation costs;
• insurance;
• brokerage services.

From this amount, customs duty, VAT, and customs clearance fees are calculated in the amount of 150 to 500 rubles (for individuals - 250 rubles). To confirm the stated price, you must present receipts or other documents that allow you to determine the costs of purchasing a motorcycle, such as bank statements. The customs broker independently determines the customs value of the motorcycle from the catalogue. For this purpose, specialized foreign catalogs are used: for motorcycles manufactured in the USA or Canada - NADA, for motorcycles manufactured in Europe - Schwackeliste ZWEIRAD, for other regions - other catalogs. But if the catalog value turns out to be less than the actual value, then the value indicated on the receipt will be used when calculating customs duties.

Such directories provide information on the purchase and sale of vehicles of a specific model and year. Moreover, the older the equipment, the lower the cost. But when determining the customs value from the catalogue, customs does not take into account the condition of the vehicle, and this is important for the buyer. It is clear that a damaged motorcycle is not worth the price indicated in the catalogue. In such cases, it is necessary to undergo an independent appraisal examination, which is paid for by the buyer. Sometimes this does not help to significantly improve the price. For example, due to the fact that all this time the motorcycle will be at the customs temporary storage warehouse, the services of which are paid additionally and are not cheap.

Sportbikes

A beautiful and powerful high-capacity sports bike, the dream of most motorcyclists, is also the worst nightmare of most people. While the former associate it with adrenaline and complete freedom, the others associate it with a wild roar and deadly maneuvers.

Sports motorcycles are difficult to control, have a rather uncomfortable riding position and are designed for riding on special high-speed routes. But, despite this, they are very popular in Russia, and most motorcyclists ride them on public roads.

Of course, to operate such equipment, you need to be an experienced driver. And, of course, it’s not difficult to understand what licenses are needed for a motorcycle of 250 cc and above. You can't do without a category A driver's license.

What obliges you to drive only with a license?

So, there are 3 regulations that require you to have a license to drive certain vehicles:

1. The Russian Constitution gives citizens the right to free movement,
2. but the Federal Law on Road Safety prescribes that road users can move freely based on established rules, and the exercise of their rights as citizens should not infringe on the rights of other people,
3. but clause 2.1.1 of the Russian Federation Traffic Regulations states that the driver is obliged to carry with him and hand over to the traffic police officer a driver’s license, among other documents, when driving vehicles.

Thus, we can drive any vehicle as long as we have the right to drive it. If this requires special training, then this right is called a special right - the right to drive, and it is confirmed by a driver’s license.

Classic motorcycles and cruisers

Despite the fascination with high-speed models, road motorcycles do not lose their relevance. Driving both a classic and a cruiser on asphalt is as comfortable as possible. Thanks to their design, they provide a comfortable straight fit.

Many people are interested in the size of a license for a motorcycle of this type. There are no exceptions for cruisers and classics; a driver's license is required for all vehicles. Up to 125 cubic meters - A1, above this value - category A.

Lack of protective equipment

You must wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle. This rule is spelled out in Article 24.3 of the Traffic Regulations. It is better if, in addition to the helmet, you also have other equipment on. The standard protection kit includes the following items:

• Helmet.
• Gloves.
• Knee pads.
• Boots with toe, heel and ankle protection.
• Motorcycle jacket.
• Turtle.

But the rules only apply to the helmet. The fine for its absence can reach 1000 rubles, which is quite insignificant for the budget. The possible consequences are much more frightening: even at a speed of 20 km/h, you can get a serious head injury during a fall. Therefore, helmets are mandatory for both motorcycle and scooter drivers.

Motorcycles with sidecars

Previously, such equipment was very popular in the USSR; it was used as an inexpensive and accessible alternative to a passenger car. Throughout the 20th century, motorcycles with a cradle were widespread in the armies of different countries. But over time, they began to lose popularity and are currently produced in limited quantities.

At first glance, it seems obvious that riding a motorcycle with a sidecar is very different from riding a two-wheeler. This is a much less maneuverable, but also more stable technique that requires special skills. Therefore, it is not always immediately clear what license is needed for a motorcycle with a sidecar.

But if you remember that the cradle, as a rule, can be unhooked, everything falls into place. Management will also require Category A, without any additional training. However, before you hit the road on a motorcycle with a side trailer, you need to thoroughly study the characteristics of its behavior on the road. An inexperienced driver can easily cause the vehicle to tip over when turning or lose control due to pulling to the side when accelerating and braking.

Punishment

The law does not make concessions for lovers of two-wheeled vehicles - therefore, the fine for riding a motorcycle without a license is equal to what car drivers pay. The inspector has the right to issue you a receipt in the amount of 5–15 thousand rubles, and he will send the vehicle to the impound area. To this fine you will have to add the cost of tow truck and impound lot services. If the motorcycle is dear to you, you need to pick it up as quickly as possible, since the amount of your expenses will increase every day.

For those who simply forgot their license at home and have a lot of free time, it is better to call relatives and ask them to bring the document to the right place. Having seen the document, the inspector must let you go, after having read a lecture about careful treatment of documents and the norms established by the Rules. If a driver, in addition to his license, has forgotten his registration certificate, he may be fined 500 rubles. You will have to pay the same amount if you do not have insurance, and the traffic police officer does not have the right to detain you or take the motorcycle to the impound lot.

After deprivation of your license for a serious offense, you should not tempt fate and risk being caught by a traffic police patrol. The punishment will be very severe - you will have to pay 30 thousand rubles and part with the motorcycle, which will be sent to the impound area. Moreover, you will be very lucky if the matter is limited to this - if the judge finds aggravating circumstances in your behavior, you will face administrative arrest and even 100-200 hours of community service.

The worst situation is for people who get caught for “drinking”, having been deprived of their rights for any offense in the past. The amount of the fine reaches 200–300 thousand rubles, and it will not be possible to return the certificate for the next 3 years. If the at-fault driver cannot pay such a large amount, judges often change the punishment, assigning community service or forced labor. A person may also be deprived of 50–70% of their basic income that is not related to social benefits. If the motorcycle driver is violated again, he will face a prison sentence of 2 years.

It is worth understanding that punishment for “drunkenness” cannot be avoided if the protocol is properly completed by the traffic police officer. When caught without a license, many motorcyclists refuse a medical examination or drink alcohol in the presence of an inspector. These actions are equivalent to driving a motorcycle while intoxicated. They lead to a large fine and the motorcycle being sent to the impound lot.

Cross motorcycles

This class of vehicles is also called SUVs. They are designed for motocross racing. They lack headlights and other lighting, and the rubber does not provide the required level of grip on the road surface. According to the law of the Russian Federation, cross-bikes are sports equipment and do not require registration or registration.

In view of the above, the most obvious answer to the question of which motorcycles do not require a license is motocross bikes. But you need to take into account one important detail: driving on public roads is prohibited! According to the law, a motocross motorcycle must be delivered to the track only with the help of special equipment. In no case under your own power.

Features of customs clearance of spare parts for motorcycles

Particular attention should be paid to the import of spare parts for motorcycles. This is a huge, actively developing market. Let's take, for example, an internal combustion engine. It is prohibited for individuals to import gasoline internal combustion engines, and no tricks, such as presenting the title of the equipment on which the engine will be installed, are allowed. It is forbidden! You can import diesel engines and gasoline outboard motors. If there is an urgent need: just disassemble the internal combustion engine and import it in parts, in accordance with the classification codes of the Commodity Nomenclature of Foreign Economic Activity and current customs duties.

In the same way - transportation in disassembled form - a motorcycle is imported for spare parts. It is important that a motorcycle cannot be assembled from spare parts from a single imported batch. In two steps, separately, it is worth transporting the numbered units - the frame and the engine. Customs clearance is carried out at the border, without paying a deposit. And it is advisable to transport it through Finland. Difficulties may arise when importing through Belarus.

Tricycles and quadricycles

In an attempt to find out what types of motorcycles do not require a license, many people pay attention to tricycles and quadricycles. But with them everything is not so simple. To drive a light quadricycle whose weight does not exceed 350 kg and whose speed does not exceed 50 km/h, a category M driver’s license is sufficient.

For higher power equipment and tricycles, subcategory B1 will be required. Only citizens at least 18 years old can receive it. At the same time, if the equipment is equipped with a motorcycle-type steering wheel, then drivers with open category A also have the right to drive.

The procedure for customs clearance step by step

So, first of all, during customs clearance, the estimated amount of customs duties is deposited into the customs account in advance. This is the so-called deposit. It is entered at the customs post at the place of residence. In this case, it is advisable to have on hand the original or a copy of the PTS for this vehicle. Based on this document, the amount of payments is calculated. This can be done either independently or with the help of a broker. The customs representative will also help you deposit money quickly, bypassing the queue. There are times when making a deposit takes several days.

Having received the documents at the cash desk, you need to take them to the customs inspector, who will issue a customs certificate (for legal entities - a guarantee certificate) indicating the exact location of the border crossing (border crossing). This is where you will need to go. Be sure to check all data. There should not be a single error in the information. On the way back, this certificate must be presented to the customs officer after passing through passport control. He checks the data with the electronic data and sends a delivery control document (DCD) to be drawn up, after which he also puts an o and indicates in the document the delivery time when the motorcycle should arrive at the point where the deposit was made. For violation of this deadline, fines and sometimes more serious sanctions are imposed. Next, the motorcycle is transported to a temporary storage warehouse at the place of residence, and all documents are presented to the local customs officers. Parking at the temporary storage warehouse is paid for every day. Further processing will take approximately two more days, excluding weekends and holidays.

You need to submit a declaration to customs. There is a fee for filing a declaration. It is submitted electronically, and an individual will not be able to do this on their own, because for this you need to have specialized software from Alta-soft and an electronic key.

In addition, it is necessary to issue a SBCTS - vehicle safety certificate in a specialized laboratory. They do not work with individuals and for this you need to resort to the services of an intermediary. You can do it at customs. But the procedure will cost more.

Punishment for riding a motorcycle without a license

The desire to know which motorcycles do not require a license is easily understandable, since daily use of two-wheeled vehicles in urban environments is not always convenient. And not everyone is willing to spend several months in a driving school for the occasional fun weekend trip. But at the moment in Russia, as in most developed countries, obtaining a driver’s license to drive a motorcycle is necessary. Category A is almost universal and allows you to ride almost any iron horse.

But those who dare to drive onto the road without the appropriate license should be aware of the punishment. According to part one of Article 12.7 of the Administrative Code, the fine for such an offense is from 5 to 15 thousand rubles. In addition, the vehicle is towed to the parking lot. If the equipment belongs to another person, he can also be fined 30 thousand rubles.

Where can you drive without a license?

Yes, everywhere! But only under one important condition - you have the status of a driver learner. And the driver in this case is training you, and it is he who is responsible for your traffic violations.

But on the merits of the issue, you cannot drive anywhere without a license if a special right is provided for a given vehicle after successfully passing the exams.

Is it true that you can drive through fields without a license?

Not true. Contrary to the popular belief that traffic rules apply only on public roads, and not on country roads and dirt roads, you will need your license everywhere, although there are different opinions on this matter, based on 2 opposite poles.

At one extreme are people who believe that traffic rules apply absolutely everywhere. And to confirm this, they quote from the current traffic rules:

1.1. These Traffic Rules establish a uniform traffic procedure throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation.

But at the other extreme are off-road enthusiasts who read the definitions of traffic and roads:

road traffic is a set of social relations that arise in the process of moving people and goods with or without vehicles within roads; road – a strip of land or a surface of an artificial structure equipped or adapted and used for the movement of vehicles.

As we see, both opinions have the right to exist. And the second camp, which justifies driving through fields without a license, is opposed by the fact that a road is still a strip of land used for movement. And since we are driving along it in this case, that means we are using... That means the road... That means we are participating in the process of road traffic, and we are required to comply with traffic regulations.

Is it true that you can drive on a race track without a license?

The analogy here is the same as with the ability to control without rights across the field. The autodrome is a closed area. Other traffic rules may be established on it. But they cannot contradict the traffic rules.

In addition, in essence, the above definitions of road traffic and roads, the race track is not an exception to roads and road traffic.