After the moped has been run-in, a full cycle of technical inspection is carried out, which includes changing the oil in the transmission and engine, as well as adjusting the valve clearance. In addition, the manufacturer recommends replacing the air filter element. During operation, disturbances in dynamics are possible, requiring individual adjustment of the carburetor on an Alpha moped. Qualified adjustment of this unit will improve driving performance and help reduce fuel costs. This operation is similar to adjusting the carburetor on a scooter and will not cause much trouble for both beginners and experienced motorcyclists.
Checking spark plugs, mixture quality by the color of the scooter spark plug insulator
When servicing a scooter, it is necessary to unscrew the scooter's spark plug to determine whether the carburetor is set correctly.
It is important to pay attention to the brand and heat rating of the spark plug - if you install a spark plug with a different heat rating from the recommended one, it will not self-clean. If the candle is whitish, you need to enrich the mixture; if it is black, lean it. The adjustment is made on the scooter's carburetor with a special screw located under the cover covering the accelerator drive rocker arm. It is important to remember that a scooter air filter clogged with dirt, without passing the required amount of air, will cause the mixture to become richer, and before drawing conclusions about the need to adjust the scooter carburetor, it is necessary to check the condition of the air filter. A correctly selected scooter spark plug has a decisive influence on the performance of the scooter, as well as on its temperature regime. A spark plug with the heat rating recommended by the manufacturer should be installed on the engine only; only in this case will the process of self-cleaning from carbon deposits occur. The spark plug is a comprehensive source of information for deciding on the necessary repair procedures. This method is used to repair both scooters and cars, such as Ford repairs.
It must be remembered that the reason for the enrichment of the scooter mixture can be not only incorrect carburetor settings, but also a dirty scooter air filter; and the cause of a lean mixture may be the scooter’s fuel system clogged with dirt.
Soot contamination
Type of spark plug: dry soft soot of intense black color on the insulator, electrodes and spark plug body.
Consequences: poor start of the scooter engine; poor operation of a cold scooter engine; interruptions in ignition of the air-fuel mixture; bad reaction to gas.
Probable causes: excessively rich air-fuel mixture; The scooter's air filter is very clogged; The thermal range is incorrectly selected - the candle is too “cold”.
Remedy: adjust the working mixture; adjust the cold start system of the scooter engine; change the scooter air filter; clean the spark plugs or replace them with new ones - with the correct heat rating.
Plug Type: Extremely white insulator with small black flecks and premature electrode erosion.
Consequences: loss of scooter power at high speed or under load.
Probable causes: the spark plug is not screwed in enough; The scooter's engine cooling system is not working properly; ignition of the scooter too early; The thermal range is incorrectly selected - the candle is too “hot”.
Remedy: check the torque of the scooter's spark plug; operation of the scooter engine cooling system; adjust the ignition timing; select the correct spark plug heat rating.
Type of spark plug: melted and burned central and grounding electrodes (or one of the electrodes) of the scooter spark plug; bubbling insulator with metal deposits on it.
Consequences: significant loss of scooter engine power; ignition interruptions. Continued use of such spark plugs may cause serious damage to the scooter engine.
Probable causes: thermal overload; significant overheating of spark plug parts due to glow ignition - combustion begins before a proper ignition spark appears; use of low-quality fuel; burning out of the remaining air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber due to an incorrectly adjusted fuel system of the scooter or the ignition timing of the scooter; The thermal range is incorrectly selected - the spark plug is too “hot”.
Remedy: check the scooter engine, ignition system and fuel system, as well as the quality of the working mixture and the ignition timing of the scooter. Install new spark plugs with the correct heat rating.
How to check, replace
Checking is carried out using a multimeter. This device is used in electromechanics and is sold in hardware stores. There are models without a sound signal - they do not differ in appearance, and therefore you have to ask the sellers. Without a sound signal or “ringing” it is inconvenient to constantly look at the panel, but it is possible to carry out the check. Sequentially, starting from the battery to the ignition circuit and generator, all the wiring of the Alpha moped is checked. The multimeter has two probes: red and black. Red ones need to touch the plus, and black ones need to touch the mass or ground.
Thus, the wiring of the Alpha moped is a complex and vulnerable place for this vehicle. However, this is exactly what will help toughen the motorcycle owner in the face of eternal breakdowns and make him a real ace in the electricity of his motorcycle.
Oil contamination
Type of spark plug: wet oily black deposits on the insulator, black oil deposits on the insulator, electrodes and spark plug body.
Consequences: poor start of the scooter engine, interruptions in ignition.
Probable causes: too much oil in the fuel mixture (for two-stroke engines); wear of the rings and/or piston liner - wastes oil.
Remedy: mix gasoline and oil in the correct proportion, install new spark plugs for the scooter (for two-stroke engines); inspect the condition of the scooter engine, if necessary, repair the engine, CPG; .
Scooter rider
Experienced vehicle owners know that in the cold season, for some reason, sometimes the scooter does not start.
Some people find themselves in such an unpleasant situation in the summer, but much less often. The problem can have many causes, but the most common is a flooded spark plug. This can happen regardless of the fuel injection system, injector or carburetor, installed on your scooter. The design of the spark plug and methods for troubleshooting the problem do not change significantly.
In the case of an injector, the fuel supply is regulated by an electronic control unit. Cold air has more oxygen. Realizing this, the ECU increases the supply of gasoline. If the spark in the plug is not strong enough, unignited fuel will remain on the spark plug electrodes. Then it will no longer be possible to start an iron horse.
Checking spark plugs, mixture quality by the color of the scooter spark plug insulator
When servicing a scooter, it is necessary to unscrew the scooter's spark plug to determine whether the carburetor is set correctly. It is important to pay attention to the brand and heat rating of the spark plug - if you install a spark plug with a different heat rating from the recommended one, it will not self-clean. If the candle is whitish, you need to enrich the mixture; if it is black, lean it. The adjustment is made on the scooter's carburetor with a special screw located under the cover covering the accelerator drive rocker arm. It is important to remember that a scooter air filter clogged with dirt, without passing the required amount of air, will cause the mixture to become richer, and before drawing conclusions about the need to adjust the scooter carburetor, it is necessary to check the condition of the air filter. A correctly selected scooter spark plug has a decisive influence on the performance of the scooter, as well as on its temperature regime. A spark plug with the heat rating recommended by the manufacturer should be installed on the engine only; only in this case will the process of self-cleaning from carbon deposits occur.
The spark plug is a comprehensive source of information for deciding on the necessary repair procedures. This method is used to repair both scooters and cars, such as Ford repairs.
It must be remembered that the reason for the enrichment of the scooter mixture can be not only incorrect carburetor settings, but also a dirty scooter air filter; and the cause of a lean mixture may be the scooter’s fuel system clogged with dirt.
Soot contamination
Type of spark plug: dry soft soot of intense black color on the insulator, electrodes and spark plug body.
Consequences: poor start of the scooter engine; poor operation of a cold scooter engine; interruptions in ignition of the air-fuel mixture; bad reaction to gas.
Probable causes: excessively rich air-fuel mixture; The scooter's air filter is very clogged; The thermal range is incorrectly selected - the candle is too “cold”.
Remedy: adjust the working mixture; adjust the cold start system of the scooter engine; change the scooter air filter; clean the spark plugs or replace them with new ones - with the correct heat rating.
Plug Type: Extremely white insulator with small black flecks and premature electrode erosion.
Consequences: loss of scooter power at high speed or under load.
Probable causes: the spark plug is not screwed in enough; The scooter's engine cooling system is not working properly; ignition of the scooter too early; The thermal range is incorrectly selected - the candle is too “hot”.
Remedy: check the torque of the scooter's spark plug; operation of the scooter engine cooling system; adjust the ignition timing; select the correct spark plug heat rating.
Type of spark plug: melted and burned central and grounding electrodes (or one of the electrodes) of the scooter spark plug; bubbling insulator with metal deposits on it.
Consequences: significant loss of scooter engine power; ignition interruptions. Continued use of such spark plugs may cause serious damage to the scooter engine.
Probable causes: thermal overload; significant overheating of spark plug parts due to glow ignition - combustion begins before a proper ignition spark appears; use of low-quality fuel; burning out of the remaining air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber due to an incorrectly adjusted fuel system of the scooter or the ignition timing of the scooter; The thermal range is incorrectly selected - the spark plug is too “hot”.
Remedy: check the scooter engine, ignition system and fuel system, as well as the quality of the working mixture and the ignition timing of the scooter. Install new spark plugs with the correct heat rating.
Carbon deposits on spark plugs
You can determine the health of the engine by looking at the carbon deposits on the spark plug. Let's figure out together how to determine the problem by the color and structure of carbon deposits. The operating principle of internal combustion engines is the same, so this article will be useful not only to owners of mopeds and lawn mowers.
What does “normal” soot mean?
The spark plug is sandy-gray in color, without soot clots, the electrodes are not eroded. The spark plug operates in normal thermal mode, the engine is normal
The candle is covered with soot.
Soot is the main symptom of an over-enriched gas-air mixture. The cause could be a dirty air filter, a broken enricher, or a carburetor that needs adjustment. Also, soot on a spark plug can be an indirect sign of low compression and low spark energy.
Oily soot.
On a two-stroke engine, of course, the oil was poured into gasoline. On a four-stroke engine, the oil control piston rings or valve stem seals are worn out.
Soot in the form of ash.
Soot remains from oil and dirty fuel. Such deposits are not terrible, but the spark plug must be cleaned, otherwise the spark will soon disappear.
Change in insulator color.
The spark plug does not self-clean. As a rule, the insulator changes color if it has been overheated during prolonged acceleration.
Carbon deposits between the electrodes.
Carbon deposits blocked the air gap between the electrodes and the spark disappeared. It happens if the engine is under heavy load for a long time. Combustion products adhering to the electrodes melt and flow onto one of the electrodes.
Overheated spark plug.
A white insulator and traces of erosion on the electrodes are a sign of overheating, which could occur due to a lean fuel-air mixture, poor engine cooling, or “early” ignition.
Sticky particles.
When the engine is not used for a long time, after warming up, carbon particles can fly off the spark plug and, when warmed up, stick back to the spark plug.
Burnout of electrodes.
Most likely a spark plug with the wrong heat rating was used. Electrode burnout often occurs due to ignition too early.
Mechanical damage.
If mechanical damage is visible on the spark plug, this is bad. Most likely it is a broken piston ring or a piston pin stopper.
Destruction due to detonation.
The central electrode insulator is destroyed, the cause is detonation due to late ignition or the use of low octane gasoline.
Signs that require an urgent check of the carburetor
Most motorists know the principle of operation of the carburetor unit and the necessary conditions for its stable operation. The main indicator for the full functioning of the engine is the composition of the combustible mixture, which should consist of 15 parts air and 1 part gasoline. Violation of the ratio leads to enrichment or, conversely, to depletion of the composition.
The main signs of a lean mixture:
- instability XX;
- difficult starting;
- popping sounds in the carburetor;
- the engine does not gain momentum;
- white carbon deposits on the candle.
Signs of over-enrichment of the combustible mixture:
- increased fuel consumption;
- candle covered in soot;
- popping sounds in the exhaust pipe;
- slow acceleration.
Black carbon deposits on a candle
Moderator: Neposeda
#1 Shmit » Thu May 31, 2007 5:50 pm
#2 Post by Lech » Thu May 31, 2007 9:33 pm
#3 Post by Atem » Fri Jun 01, 2007 12:01 pm
#4 Shmit » Sat Jun 02, 2007 12:15 pm
#5 Post by Atem » Sat Jun 02, 2007 3:49 pm
#6 Shmit » Sat Jun 02, 2007 9:03 pm
#7 Shmit » Sun Jun 03, 2007 2:37 pm
#8 Post by BendeR » Wed Aug 01, 2007 12:02 am
#9 Post by gandolf » Wed Aug 01, 2007 10:50 am
#10 Shmit » Tue Aug 07, 2007 9:12 pm
#11 Shmit » Tue Aug 07, 2007 9:21 pm
#12 Post by BendeR » Fri Aug 17, 2007 3:35 pm
#13 Shmit » Wed Aug 29, 2007 1:07 pm
#14 Post by BendeR » Mon Sep 03, 2007 11:26 am
#15 Post by taras » Sat Oct 13, 2007 8:46 pm
Causes of malfunction
Due to a flooded spark plug, the scooter may not start at all or may be unstable. So, what could be the reason:
- Clogged air filter. Insufficient air supplied to the carburetor enriches the fuel mixture. As a result, a large volume of fuel does not have time to burn in the chamber, and the spark plug becomes dirty.
- Incorrect carburetor adjustment. A tightened mixture quality screw on the carburetor has almost the same effect as a clogged air filter.
- Faulty ignition system. There are several faults at this point: faulty spark plugs - bad wire - problems with the ignition coil - incorrect timing (on old equipment, for example).
- Poor quality fuel. Gasoline diluted with another liquid greatly affects the contamination of the spark plug.
Oddly enough, the spark plug on the injector can also flood. This usually happens in winter on worn-out engines. Since the quality of the mixture is regulated by an electronic control unit (ECU), it would seem that the spark plugs should not be flooded.
However, poor compression, a discharged battery, a bad starter, an insufficiently powerful spark and incorrect electrode gaps do not allow the scooter to start at subzero temperatures. In cold weather, the ECU supplies more fuel to the cylinder, since cold air contains more oxygen than hot air.
For a number of reasons described above, the scooter does not start and the spark plug is flooded.
Valuable advice
It is no secret that the insulation of the wires is made of cheap plastic and it is better to replace the insulation with rubber before it crumbles after a few rains. The two networks in Chinese motorcycles do not intersect, therefore, when disassembling the power supply of the on-board network of the electric starter, headlights, turn signals and stop, you should remember several points:
- The green wire is always ground or, as it is also called, ground.
- Pink and yellow (two yellows) come from the generator, where there is still alternating current.
- Blue comes from an impulse from a magnetic sensor.
- Black and red – battery power.
They all go into a big black rope. The colors are fixed and it’s easier to remember what they belong to than to have to decide for a long time where they come from and where they go. There are two main coils: under the steering wheel and next to the battery, under the shield. If next to the battery you can still determine what is coming from where, then under the steering wheel the wiring of the Alpha moped begins to resemble Narnia: everything is lost there and the colors change. Wiring from this point spreads throughout the motorcycle, providing power.
We are trying to start the engine
So, we figured out why the spark plug on the scooter floods. The repair methods and starting methods below apply to scooters with 2T and 4T engines.
- The method is suitable if there is no tool. If you flooded the spark plug while trying to start the scooter, then give it time to stand for about 5 minutes. Then turn the gas handle all the way and turn the engine with the starter for about 10 seconds. You can use the foot several times if the starter is faulty. Release the throttle and try to start the engine again - it should work.
- If you have a spark plug wrench, you should unscrew the spark plug and warm it up over a fire, after cleaning it from carbon deposits. With the spark plug removed, you should “blow out” the cylinder by rotating the engine with the starter or foot. Screw in the spark plug and try to start. If unsuccessful, the spark plugs should be replaced.
Advice! Although the first method is faster, it is still recommended to use the second. This cleaning of the ignition system will help avoid such problems for some time.
Eliminating the causes of the malfunction
If after performing the manipulations the scooter starts, that’s good, but you shouldn’t relax. Be sure to check for possible faults. What to do to prevent this situation from happening again:
- Clean or replace the air filter. You can make sure that this is the reason by simply trying to start the engine with the filter installed and without it.
Advice! If the condition of your engine is far from new, then cleaning or even replacing the spark plug should be done more often.
- Adjust the quality of the mixture. Set the carburetor mixture quality screw to the optimal position (where the quality screw is located, see this article), clean the carburetor on the moped. If you have a scooter with an injector, monitor the condition of the injectors. Use an injector or carburetor cleaner.
- If you have a 4-stroke engine, pay attention to the valve adjustment. Incorrect release timing can also cause dirty spark plugs.
- The battery should always be well charged and the starter in good working order. After all, candles are often filled in in winter, and in cold weather a reliable battery is required.
- The quality of oil in the frosty season also affects the success of starting a scooter. The oil must be fresh and of the required viscosity for your local temperature.
Advice from experienced motorcyclists! If a spark plug is flooded, you should load the engine at high speeds at least once a week. This ensures that the cylinder and spark plug are purged from accumulated carbon deposits.
After reading this article, the described problem will no longer be scary for you. Monitor the condition of the components and assemblies of your vehicle, carry out repairs on time, refuel with high-quality fuel, and your scooter will definitely be your reliable travel companion!
Newsline
In Ukraine, oil prices will rise by 7-8% in the near future - expert
17:48 26 Nov 2021
Two Polish security forces were injured in clashes with migrants
17:39 26 Nov 2021
First League: Gornyak-Sport defeated Olympic and rose to the top 5
17:30 26 Nov 2021
Ermak will hold negotiations with Russia: Zelensky announced the conversation
17:20 26 Nov 2021
Ermak will hold negotiations with Russia: Zelensky announced the conversation
16:44 26 Nov 2021
Possibility of escalation from Russia: Zelensky named three signals
16:35 26 Nov 2021
Will Russia attack and what did Zelensky say: “Freedom of speech for Savik Shuster”
16:09 26 Nov 2021
Sergey Tokarev on investing in IT: curiosity always leads forward
15:59 26 Nov 2021
Zelensky once again spoke about a second presidential term
15:59 26 Nov 2021
Britain says the new COVID strain from Botswana is the deadliest known
15:50 26 Nov 2021
What will happen to utility tariffs in 2022: get ready for a new wave of increases
15:41 26 Nov 2021
Yarmolenko may move to Genoa Shevchenko in January
15:41 26 Nov 2021
Possibility of escalation from Russia: Zelensky named three signals
15:32 26 Nov 2021
“We were pulled in”: Zelensky commented on “Wagnergate” for the first time
15:26 26 Nov 2021
How can I be vaccinated? Doctors confirm
15:05 26 Nov 2021
Ukrainians are ready to sell their vote in elections for pennies: poll results
15:02 26 Nov 2021
How Kyiv will celebrate New Year and Christmas: without a fair, with a skating rink and new locations
14:49 26 Nov 2021
Ermak will hold negotiations with Russia: Zelensky announced the conversation
14:48 26 Nov 2021
Zelensky outlined “red lines” for oligarchs
14:35 26 Nov 2021
