How to dilute gasoline with oil for a Minsk motorcycle?

Vladimir region is a family of Belarusian motorcycles, which also includes scooters, ATVs and snowmobiles. The first configuration of the motorcycle under the Vladimir Region brand went into production in 1951. In 2021, the enterprise became private property. Over the years of production, more than 6.5 million motorcycles have been sold. The first model was designated M1A. it was originally made in Moscow. This motorcycle is based on the chassis of the DKW RT 125 model, the drawings of which were transferred to the USSR as war reparations.

Select the desired product option

The universal moped Minsk D4 50 is an excellent option for those who are not quite ready for a powerful motorcycle, but no longer want to pedal a bicycle. A small-capacity vehicle is ideal for beginners so that they can get used to two wheels with an engine, and then switch to something cooler. Such mopeds are also popular among hunting and fishing enthusiasts, as well as among adults who need to get to their dacha or village.

Flaws

First, let's figure out what shortcomings the motorcycle has, this will allow us to decide what needs to be improved first. In general, many problems are typical for domestic motorcycles, and when tuning sunrise 3m they are faced with the same problems.

The main disadvantages of the motorcycle are as follows:

• Low-power engine. The most powerful engine is only 13 hp;
• On the earliest models, the placement of the crankshaft bearings was unsuccessful;
• Poorly designed clutch;
• Weak brakes.

These are the main disadvantages of Minsk. In general, it is worth noting that all of the above can be eliminated with your own hands, significantly improving the performance of the motorcycle.

Ignition system

The standard Minsk ignition system does not always successfully cope with its tasks. Therefore, it makes sense to carry out the revision carefully and carefully. Just like with Izh Planet 5 tuning, here they primarily work with the ignition timing.

The model has a good generator, as well as contactless ignition with an electronic switch. But, there is no possibility to change the advance angle depending on the operating mode of the moped engine. Therefore, it is recommended to install a device that forms the angle depending on the need at a given time.

You can buy it in a store; a part from any motorcycle with a similar volume will do. The connection is not complicated, so there shouldn't be any problems. The use of such a device allows you to change the ignition timing depending on engine speed. This approach significantly improves engine efficiency and also increases its power.

How to increase the power of a Minsk motorcycle

One of the most popular motorcycles in our country is Minsk. They started producing it back in the Soviet Union, and it still hasn’t lost popularity. This is due to the excellent combination of reliability, power and maneuverability. Unfortunately, despite all of the above, it also has disadvantages. But folk craftsmen have learned to bypass these nuances. Below we will look at how tuning a Minsk motorcycle is done, and we will also figure out how to paint a Minsk motorcycle. This is also a fairly common job.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

• Modest mass. The weight of the Minsk 125 motorcycle allows even short and not very physically strong bikers to move the bike with ease.
• Dynamics. Of course, it’s not worth comparing the Minsk 125 with modern motorcycles; after all, they are separated by entire decades. However, it accelerates quite briskly, and the maximum speed in Minsk reaches 95 km/h.
• Simplicity of design. Repairing this bike is not easy, but very simple.
• Availability of spare parts. Even today, there are usually no problems finding them.

Flaws

• 2-stroke engine. When you fill the tank with gasoline at a gas station, you need to add engine oil. In addition, the resource of 2-stroke engines is short.
• Minsk 125 technical characteristics do not really correspond to modern standards. Bikers accustomed to other motorcycles will probably find it boring, unless they are fans of retro technology.

Appearance tuning Minsk

Every Minsk 125 owner has at least once thought about the appearance of his motorcycle. Perhaps we should start by repainting the frame and other parts of the motorcycle. The first thing to do is remove the handlebars, seat, tank, engine, wheels, fork and other parts to leave a bare frame. Sandblast the parts to be repainted or remove the old paint layer using special attachments for an angle grinder/drill. An attachment on a drill for an emery wheel with Velcro is also very effective for this. Be sure to get rid of pockets of corrosion. The next stage is puttying. This is necessary to get rid of deep scratches and level the surface. Parts with a leveled surface are degreased to prepare for priming. Apply primer in 2 layers. The dried soil should be sanded with 400 grit sandpaper. Then we paint it in the color we like in 2-3 layers, followed by a layer of varnish in 3 layers. The metallic color on your Minsk 125 motorcycle will look very impressive.

The next method of tuning Minsk is polishing the engine crankcase to a mirror finish. This procedure can also be done with your own hands using a set of sandpaper with grit from 120-180 to 2500. By sanding the surface of the engine in steps from coarse to finer, you will achieve an ideal matte surface. At the end of this work, use GOI paste, a felt circle and a drill to achieve the final mirror surface. The Minsk motorcycle engine will immediately be transformed!

This procedure applies to the rims, spokes and muffler - this will help them shine in a new way.

New road tires would be a good investment. The new tread pattern is not only effective when driving on wet asphalt, but also looks attractive. Replacing lighting equipment will also appeal to everyone. For example, LED turn signals and brake lights will not only give a modern appearance, but will also reduce the load on the generator, and will also increase road safety when driving at night. Separately, it is worth noting the efficiency of xenon installation. The recommended heat of light is 4300k as it is the most neutral white light, does not cause eye fatigue and provides the best illumination. A useful tuning in Minsk will be the installation of new chrome mirrors, which will also significantly increase riding safety and complement the transformation of the motorcycle. In conclusion, I would like to note that these tuning actions can be carried out selectively at will and combined according to your taste and financial capabilities.

Minsk was perhaps the most widespread and accessible of the motorcycles of the Soviet Union. Produced at the Minsk plant, it enjoyed deserved popularity among motorsports enthusiasts and ordinary citizens for its low price, ease of operation and good maintainability. This unpretentious motorcycle could serve as both the first vehicle for a novice motorcyclist and a workhorse for many residents of cities and rural areas.

The ancestor of the Minsk motorcycle was the motorcycle of the German DKW center, the equipment for the production of which was exported from Germany as reparations in 1945. The production of the first models was established in Moscow, but then by 1951 production facilities were transferred to Minsk. The first motorcycle rolled off the assembly line of the Minsk Motorcycle and Bicycle Plant back in 1951. For more than 60 years of production of motorcycles of this brand, more than 6.5 million Minsk motorcycles have been sold worldwide.

Tuned motorcycle Minsk 125

But this mass-produced motorcycle, like any other equipment, of course, has its certain drawbacks. The main ones include:

1. The rather weak engine is the most powerful available in the basic version, only 13 hp.
2. A poorly designed clutch that can slip even after the motorcycle has been driven for a long time.
3. On early models, the arrangement of the crankshaft bearings was poorly thought out.
4. Weak braking system.

But this amazing motorcycle provides its enthusiastic owners with ample opportunities to implement tuning ideas. And, although in the basic version, even with the most powerful engine, the Minsk motorcycle could hardly accelerate to 100 km/h, as a result of competently and responsibly carried out tuning from this beloved, but still not very technically advanced product of the Minsk plant, it is possible to make a truly nimble, responsive and fast motorcycle, not much inferior to its expensive foreign counterparts.

Motorcycle styling Minsk 125

Engine tuning

Probably every motorcyclist is a fan of dynamic riding, but the Minsk motorcycle is not particularly designed for this. Therefore, first of all, owners strive to modify the engine. You can easily add a couple of horsepower here.

Typically, cylinder boring is used for this. This way you can increase the compression ratio, and, accordingly, the engine power. Let's take a closer look at how this is done:

1. The block is ground down by 1.5 mm, the lower edge of the block head is also ground down, also by 3 mm. The motorcycle cylinder is being modified on a lathe;
2. Increase the size of the outlet and inlet openings;
3. Install new valves, better than those made in Japan;
4. The piston is being modified. They take a standard piston and fit it to the modified engine. If you do not have a special lathe, or you are not entirely confident in your abilities, then it is better to give the engine to an experienced lathe.

After such processing, the engine will receive an additional 1-2 hp. But, it is worth considering that it will be more demanding on nutrition; here it needs to fill with gasoline with an octane number of at least 92.

Pros and cons of the model

To begin with, it is worth noting the positive aspects of the motorcycle, of which there are quite a lot:

• Good dynamic characteristics of Minsk m 125;
• Small dimensions and weight.
• Good handling.
• Low fuel consumption.
• Reasonable price (about 43–48 thousand rubles for a new motorcycle).
• Powerful engine.
• Possibility of purchasing spare parts in any specialized store;
• Ease of repair and operation.
• Multifunctionality (you can drive both on the steppe and on hilly terrain).
• The motorcycle does not require special care - just changing the oil, as well as the chain and sprockets when worn out.
• You can safely drive this vehicle even at low temperatures (down to -34 degrees Celsius).

The model also has weaknesses that many owners have identified:

• Large vibration when driving, despite the quality of the suspension;
• Some owners complain of muscle stiffness and pain in the spine during long trips;
• Inconspicuous appearance.

It should be noted that the last drawback repels many potential buyers who prefer to choose Chinese or Korean equipment of the same class.

MMVZ

Minsk motorcycles were rapidly gaining popularity both in the USSR and in foreign markets. Their deliveries were made to 45 countries, and the total number exceeded 6.5 million.

From the very first years, the brand has been actively involved in motorsports, mainly in cross-country and circuit racing. The first cross country “Minsk M-201K” and enduro “M-201M” were created in 1956. Three samples of the first highway-ring ShK-125 with a record 23-horsepower engine for that time were produced in 1961. A decade later, the first road racing motorcycle with a developed fairing, the M-211, appeared, followed by the MMVZ-3.216 (1977) and MMVZ-3.227 (1986).

Significant milestones in the history of Minsk motorcycles were the Minsk-Pamir (1969) and Brest-Vladivostok (1971) motorcycle races.

1973, “Minsk” MMVZ-3.111

A new model designation system, developed by the VNII-Motoprom of the USSR, was introduced in 1973 on the new Minsk MMVZ-3.111, which received the USSR State Quality Mark:

• MMVZ - manufacturing plant;
• 3 - motorcycle class (up to 125 cm3);
• 1 — type of motorcycle (road);
• 11 - serial model number.

The reliability and unpretentiousness of Minsk motorcycles have made the Minsk brand iconic in Vietnam, which has become the largest export market. Vietnamese motorcycle fan club Minsk since 1988. holds gatherings for fans of the brand, which annually attract more than a thousand people. On the set of the Top Gear Vietnam Special, the Minsk motorcycle was driven by Richard Hammond.

By the early 1990s, motorcycle production had increased to 220,000 units per year. In 1999, the Minsk brand received the Arch of Europe Award for its approval in the international market.

Boosting a motorcycle engine Minsk – Soviet motorcycles

The engine needs to be disassembled. The following work should be done with the engine crankcase: insert and securely fasten the rings into both halves of the crankcase, reducing the diameter of the crank chamber to 121 mm, change the seals so that they can withstand a pressure in the crank chamber of at least 0.8 kg/cm2. In the engine cylinder, set the phases: exhaust - 164°, purge - 108° and intake - 128° (Fig. 66).

Increase the compression ratio to e = 9.5. Install a K-36 I carburetor with a diffuser diameter of 27 mm, the main jet must have a flow rate of at least 250 cm3/min. The purge windows in the piston should be cut to 25 mm (Fig. 67) so that they coincide with the purge windows in the engine cylinder.

To increase the effect of supercharging, the total length of the intake pipe should be 300 mm (the length of the intake pipe from the cylinder mirror to the carburetor is 100 mm; the length of the pipe with an internal diameter of 40 mm, between the carburetor and the air cleaner is 150 mm (Fig. 68). Ignition from the G-416 generator works poorly due to interruptions at high speeds. For normal engine operation, it is recommended to install an M-24G magneto. Ignition timing is 2.2-2.5 mm before top dead center. Spark plug PAL-14-8 or BOSCH-260-280 .

In the crankshaft, the bronze separator of the lower head of the connecting rod should be replaced with another one, for example, duralumin (D-16T, V-95) or made of cyanidated steel (it is also possible from steel 45 without heat treatment) with subsequent silver-plated surfaces. After running-in and final adjustment, the engine develops a power of 12 hp. and has excellent pickup.

Uprated engines for motocross M-105, M-106 and M2-125. Piston with two L-shaped rings and piston pin bosses shifted upward by 7 mm (compared to the standard size). The diameter of the crankshaft cheeks is 120 mm. The length of the connecting rod at centers is 125 mm. The length of the piston skirt is 62.5 mm, on the intake side the piston skirt is cut by 1 mm and is equal to 61.5 mm. Compression ratio e = 15.

Particular attention should be paid to the processing of the cylinder channels, their throughput and the correct angles of the purge exit (Fig. 69).

Head with an offset “jockey cap” sphere. Magneto ignition. Recommended ignition timing is 2.2-2.3 mm b.c.t. Candle PAL 14-15. Gasoline B-95, B-100. A-98. MS-20 oil in a ratio of 1:20. The engine is equipped with one carburetor with a diffuser diameter of 28 mm. The length of the pipe from the cylinder mirror to the center of the nozzle is 135 mm. The total length of the intake tract is 170 mm.

Be sure to install a large air filter (tank volume 2.5-3 liters) with paper filter elements. After all the work on boosting, running in and fine-tuning the engine, the maximum power is 14-15 hp. With. at n = 6600-6800 rpm. An engine like this can be increased to 20 hp. With. increasing the speed to 9000 rpm. But this will require a special crankshaft, piston, rings and higher valve timing, a new muffler and carburetor.

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Repair dimensions of piston pin MMVZ Minsk 125 cm3