Technical characteristics of the Izh Planet 5 generator

The road version of the IZH Planet 5 motorcycle differed favorably from other domestic analogues by the use of an oil pump, which made it possible to abandon the scheme for pre-mixing fuel with oil.

In addition, subsequent modifications were distinguished by their contactless ignition system, independent of the battery, and modified kinematics.

Battery wiring diagram IZH Planet 5

This allowed:

To set the motorcycle in motion “from the pusher” - by turning on the ignition, the owner engaged second gear and, using his own efforts, pushing the motorcycle forward, started the engine;
Operation without a battery was possible during daylight hours (a battery was still required for the side lights and headlights to operate).

Motorcycle generator IZH 281.3701

On IZH motorcycles starting from the fourth Planet, an alternating current generator 281.3701 is installed, which is a modern three-phase electric source of electricity. This source is used to power electrical lighting, alarm, and ignition devices. Together with the rectifier, the BPV-14-10 regulator recharges the battery. The generator consists of two parts, a stator and a rotor.

Generator stator 281.3701 for IZH motorcycles

The stator is installed on the right half of the engine crankcase and secured with three bolts. The frame is made of special sheet steel. It has 18 tooth-shaped places for winding phase windings. The phase winding is made of one solid wire with a diameter of 0.9 mm and is wound on six teeth. Each tooth has 20 turns of copper wire wound around it. There are six teeth in total on the winding, so 120 turns are wound. There are three such windings. The connection of the windings is made with a star. The terminals of the phase windings are connected to the terminals of the comb.

The generator stator is covered with an aluminum alloy cover. There are special places on the cover and threaded holes where the carbon brush holder is installed. A breaker with a capacitor to produce a spark. Special comb for connecting wires.

If something is wrong.

Disconnect the relay regulator (remove the connector). Let's take a tester.
We set the tester to measure resistance. We check the resistance between ground (engine) and the generator wires (three wires, usually yellow). It shouldn't exist. If at least one has it, your motorcycle's alternator has burned out.
We check the resistance between the generator wires, the resistance should be the same, about 1 - 3 ohms. If it is more or not the same, your motorcycle's alternator has burned out.
We set the tester to measure alternating voltage. We start the motorcycle, measure the voltage between the generator wires, it should be more than 18 volts at idle, and more than 40 volts at 3000 - 4000 rpm. If there is no or different voltage, your motorcycle's alternator has burned out.
If the check in points 2, 3 and 4 went well, most likely your motorcycle has a faulty Relay - Regulator or, which also happens, a wiring fault (clean all terminals, check the integrity of the wires, connections to ground). If your motorcycle's generator burns out, this is the place for you: Rewinding the generator with your own hands.

Our service will help you check the charging of your motorcycle.

Check the integrity of wires and connections.

They will eliminate all problems associated with charging the motorcycle.

Generator rotor 281.3701

The generator rotor 1 is located inside the stator. It is installed on the crankshaft using bolt 3 and key 5. An excitation winding 6 is wound on the rotor core with a copper wire with a diameter of 0.56 mm, 600 turns are made. The winding resistance is approximately 6.4 ohms. For contact with the winding, two copper rings 2 and carbon brushes are used. They perform the work of a current collector.

How to remove the generator rotor 281.3701

The breaker cam 4 is installed in one position on the rotor shaft in a special socket and secured with a mounting bolt 3. Under this cam there is a thread that is intended for removing the rotor from the crankshaft. To remove the rotor, you need to screw the screw from the chain disassembly device into the thread. The device is located in the motorcycle tool. If there is no screw, you can use a regular bolt with an M10 thread. The only condition for the thread must be at least 70 mm. Turn until the screw rests on the crankshaft. Then we apply more force to tighten it, and the rotor is removed from the shaft.

Features of electrical equipment

Models of IZH motorcycles are as unified as possible. The wiring diagram for IZ Jupiter 2 is not much different from later versions of the IZ motorcycle. There are external differences. For example, the Planet 5 bike has one cylinder, and the Jupiter 5 has two.

The first 12-volt motorcycle was the IZH Jupiter 4. The wiring diagram for the IZH Jupiter 5 and the wiring diagram for the IZH Jupiter 3 differ in components.

Wiring diagram IZ Jupiter 5

The bike of the fifth Jupiter has a contact SZ, which is powered by a battery, so the operation of the vehicle is highly dependent on the state of charge of the battery.

If charging is insufficient, the following problems occur:

the motor runs intermittently;
the engine starts with difficulty;
At low speed the battery is discharged.

These problems can be eliminated by switching to BSZ. Any electrician can handle this task (the author of the video is Viter Electronic).

How to make the transition to contactless SZ?

To switch to contactless SZ, motorcyclists use parts from other motorcycle models. When upgrading the generator set, the wiring of the IZH Jupiter 5 remains unchanged. Minor alterations concern the electrical circuit of the IZH. After changes, the battery is used to service auxiliary equipment. To switch to BSZ, parts are taken from Planet 5 and the VAZ 2108 car.

The following changes are being made to the electrical circuit of IZH:

install 2 Hall sensors from the eighth VAZ model;
2 VAZ electronic switches must be connected to the sensors;
each of the cylinders serves a commutator-sensor pair;
You need to add two more ignition coils to the circuit.

SZ after modernization

On the electrical circuit of the IZH motorcycle, the components are marked with numbers:

Spark plug.
Ignition coils from Planet 5.
Switches.
Hall sensors.
Egnition lock.
Battery.

For the created ignition system, it is necessary to modify the IZ Jupiter 5 generator, the circuit of which will not require major changes.

How can I modify the generator?

The presented modernization option is advantageous in that it does not require the purchase of a new generator that will service the new ignition system.

Recycled generator design

All you need to do is follow these steps:

make a modulator-breaker of an electrical circuit;
install a breaker on the rotor shaft or generator.

You can create a modulator with your own hands. To do this, you need to take a metal plate and drill a hole in it for the fastening bolt. The manufactured part will serve as a modulator-chopper.

Homemade modulator for interruption

The modulator is connected as follows:

install the modulator plate (2) and tighten it with the bolt (3), but not all the way;
by rotating the crankshaft, you need to ensure that the piston is at top dead center;
Next you need to set the ignition timing;
Now you can tighten the mounting bolt on the plate.

Hall sensors (1) are installed together with the modulator.

Generator care

Comes down to visual inspection and cleaning.

First of all, you need to pay attention to parts subject to wear. The carbon brushes of the current collector wear out faster than other parts. They require regular inspection and are replaced if worn. The slip rings of the slip ring must be kept clean. You cannot clean it with sandpaper or needle files. You can use the finest glass sandpaper.

The breaker contacts are periodically checked for the gap value specified in the instructions. For Planet 4 the gap is 0.4 - 0.6 mm. In case of burning, the contacts are leveled and then polished to a mirror finish.

Generator faults

Here we will consider only the malfunctions of the generator IZH 281.1701. First, let's write down the symptoms of a motorcycle malfunction. The next entry will be a possible generator malfunction.

1. The indicator lamp in the instrument panel does not light up. — The generator brushes began to move poorly, the contact between the brush and the ring was lost, or the wire at the brush broke.

2. The control light is on all the time. — The excitation winding has failed. The generator is not working.

3. Engine light is low at medium speeds. — A short circuit occurred in the phase windings of the generator stator.

4. Interruptions in engine operation. The spark is not constant. — Incorrect contact adjustment. The capacitor has failed.

5. Engine power has dropped. — The adjustment in the contacts has gone wrong. The ignition is not installed correctly.

6. The engine does not start or stalls quickly. — Conductive debris has entered the contacts. The capacitor may be faulty.

Source

Battery

The battery in the motorcycle is low-power. The motorcycle does not have a starter, so its task is only to supply voltage to the ignition system and the generator excitation winding during starting. Thanks to the battery, designed for 12 volts, a stable start of the fifth Planet is ensured; up to the third model, the wiring was 6 volt, and the ignition was not always clear.

Supply and demand

Initially, the model was created in a single version; later, the design bureau developed a side trailer, which became an addition to the motorcycle. The new IZH Planeta-5 with a sidecar was produced in small batches, since customer demand was low. The main production was focused on the mass production of two-wheeled motorcycles. IZH Planet-5, whose technical characteristics were at the level of general consumer demand, was modernized many times. At the same time, the quality of the motorcycle increased, the exterior became more modern, and the service life of the units increased.

"IZH Planet 5": technical characteristics

The motorcycle had the following characteristics:

— design base, center distance — 1450 mm;

— ground clearance with full load and rated tire pressure — 135 mm;

— maximum load — 170 kg;

— permissible load on the trunk — 20 kg;

— maximum speed — 120 km/h;

— braking distance at a speed of 80 km/h — 42.5 meters;

— braking distance at a speed of 30 km/h — 6.5 meters;

— average fuel consumption when driving at a speed of 90 km/h is 5.0 liters per 100 kilometers.

- fuel tank volume - 18 liters;

- starting system - lever kickstarter.

— type — single-cylinder two-stroke;

— cylinder displacement — 3346 cubic meters. cm;

— piston stroke amplitude — within 85 mm;

— maximum engine power — 17 liters. With. at 4800 rpm;

— lubrication — forced, separately dosed, depending on the load and crankshaft speed.

— proportions of the combustible mixture of gasoline and oil — 1/30;

— ignition — contactless electronic system with automatic control of the timing depending on the operating mode of the crankshaft;

— battery — 12 volts;

— power supply system — K-65I carburetor; K-62I carburetors were installed on motorcycles of early production series;

— recommended fuel is a mixture of gasoline with an octane rating of at least 76 and oil;

— type of air cleaner — contact-oil;

— cooling system — air;

The IZH Planet-5 engine has good thrust at relatively low speeds.

Features of electrical equipment

Despite the unification of parts with other models, the IZH Yu5 wiring diagram was chosen for battery use.

We are talking about a contact ignition system, which, if the battery is dead, immediately creates problems for the owner:

Starting the engine is difficult;
The engine runs intermittently;
Driving at low speeds further drains the battery.

Therefore, many owners prefer to upgrade their ignition system with their own hands to a more progressive one - a contactless electronic type. It should also be noted that repairing the wiring of IZ Jupiter 5 should there be a desire for such an upgrade (see also the article about the wiring diagram of IZ Planet 5).

For reference: unlike the Jupiter model, new wiring and an electronic ignition system were installed on the modified IZ Planet 5.
The methods proposed below are designed for simplified work - not requiring major replacement of components.

Transition to a contactless ignition system

Over the years of operation, the owners of IZH Jupiter 5 have developed more than one instruction for altering the electrical network. And almost all of them are based on elements from other domestic motorcycles (see also the features of the Ural motorcycle wiring diagram).

But there is a more progressive way in which:

The generator and wiring remain on IZ Jupiter 5;
Minor modifications are made to the electrical circuit;
The battery remains for servicing auxiliary systems.

We are talking about modernizing the ignition system with the combined use of elements from the VAZ-2108 car and the Planet 5 motorcycle.

At the same time, the wiring diagram for IZ Jupiter 5 remains the same:

Two Hall sensors are installed;
Two electronic switches are connected to them (items 1 and 2 - from VAZ). Each sensor-commutator pair covers 1 cylinder;
Two ignition coils from a motorcycle of the IZh family.

In the diagram above, the numbers indicate:

Spark plug;
Reels Planet 5;
G8 switches;
Hall sensors from the "eight";
Egnition lock;
Accumulator battery.

Modification of the generator

This technology for switching to a contactless ignition system is interesting because the motorcycle owner does not need to buy a new generator designed to work in an electronic ignition system. Accordingly, the cost of rework will be minimal.

Make a modulator that will interrupt the circuit;
And install it on the generator (on the rotor shaft).

A metal plate with a hole drilled in it for a mounting bolt can serve as such a modulator-chopper.

The modulator installation procedure is as follows:

The modulator plate (in the diagram below under No. 2) is installed under the mounting bolt;
Slightly attracted to him;
By rotating the crankshaft, set the piston to TDC;
We set the ignition timing;
Tighten the plate with the mounting bolt.

For reference: in addition to the modulator, two Hall sensors are installed under the engine cover (in diagram No. 1). There are places to attach them.

Transmission

Its characteristics are as follows:

transmission of rotation to the clutch from the crankshaft - double-row chain;
clutch - multi-disc in an oil-sealed ditch;
Gearbox - three-shaft, four-speed, located in the engine crankcase;
transmission of rotation to the rear wheel from the gearbox is a single-row chain.

The IZH Planet-5 engine is characterized by the following transmission ratios:

crankshaft/clutch - 2.17;
Gearbox/rear wheel - 2.33;
first gear - 3.88;
second gear - 2.01;
third gear - 1.26;
fourth gear - 1.0.

Running parameters

This model has the following parameters:

frame - welded, tubular;
front suspension - telescopic fork, with hydraulic shock absorbers and springs;
rear suspension - pendulum, lever, with hydraulic shock absorbers, spring-loaded;
tire dimensions in inches - 3.50 x 18;
wheels – spoked, with vertical-axial adjustment;
front brake - disc with hydraulics or drum two-cam with mechanical drive, depending on the production series;
rear brake - drum, with mechanical drive.

Additional equipment of the IZH Planet 5 motorcycle: trunk, roll bars, fairings. For those who like to travel, it is recommended to attach bags for small items on the sides of the trunk.

Load capacity

The IZH Planeta-5 motorcycle differs from other models in its class in that its engine has powerful traction at low speeds. This makes it possible to operate the machine in off-road conditions, when you have to move at a speed of 5-6 km/h. First gear ensures smooth running with low fuel consumption. Comfortable driving at low speeds is also facilitated by a 7-disc clutch with a cam engagement mechanism, which allows you to reduce engine speed to minimum values. Thus, “IZH Planet 5” will go where the engines of other motorcycles stall and they have to be transported by hand. The motorcyclist gets the opportunity to pass through an uneven section of the road with minimal losses.

Noise reduction

At the very beginning of production, the new IZH Planet-5 motorcycle caused quite a lot of complaints about the high noise level. In this regard, it was necessary to modernize the engine. At medium and high speeds the piston skirt could be heard knocking. There was a need to increase the diameter of the piston by several microns so that it interacts more closely with the cylinder mirror. However, this method does not always pay off, since there is a danger of the engine jamming. Nevertheless, the design bureau took a risk, calculated the dimensions correctly, and the engine noise decreased significantly.

Sources of noise also lay in the chassis. The rear suspension, which is the most active part of any motorcycle, needed to seal the connection between the hydraulic shock absorbers and the pendulum fork. Special rubber silent blocks were installed to insulate the metal parts, resulting in reduced noise.

The muffler, which was originally direct-flow, raised quite a lot of questions. The exhaust rumble exceeded the permissible decibel limits. We had to radically change the design of the damper. The internal cavity of the muffler was equipped with mesh partitions, which significantly reduced the noise level.

Cafe Racer

The style largely repeats the previous one, because it consists of giving the motorcycle an appearance similar to the British models of the 60-70s. A distinctive feature of such motorcycles is the special shape of the seat and tail. For our modification model, we will have to work on the rear part and replace the tank with a more streamlined one. You will also have to change a number of details in general, these are:

round mirrors;
one round device instead of a panel;
monochrome, dim color of the main elements;
no stickers;
an abundance of chrome parts (switch feet, turn signals, possibly fenders).

Ignition

The production of the IZH Planeta-5 motorcycle began during the perestroika years. The USSR was experiencing changes that affected almost all sectors of the national economy. At the same time, the staff of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant tried in every possible way to maintain its production potential. Motorcycle production was expanding its base. The IZH Planet-5 model began to be equipped with a modern ignition system operating on an electronic basis. The contactless principle was new at that time, and many consumers were distrustful of the “know-how.” However, domestic motorcyclists soon became convinced of the reliability of the BESZ and the ease of maintenance of the electronic system. The main problem of the standard distributor-breaker, contact burning, is a thing of the past. The first motorcycle on the territory of the USSR, on which the most modern functional devices were installed, was considered the IZH Planet 5. Electronic operating principle ignition was one such device. However, some motorcycles were produced with outdated, but quite reliable contact breakers.

Improving the standard system

For those owners who do not want to switch to a contactless ignition system, there are other ways to improve sparking.

At the same time, the wiring of the IZH Jupiter 5 motorcycle is analyzed for problem areas, and most often:

The primary circuit from the battery to the coil is diagnosed;
Locations of voltage reduction caused by operating conditions are identified.

A simple inspection of the primary circuit will demonstrate several problem areas at once:

four plug connectors;
emergency ignition switch;
central switch contacts;
breaker contacts.

Under ideal operating conditions, such a complex section of the chain will work flawlessly.

But in practice, it is exposed to dust and dirt flying from under the wheels, so in the circuit due to the increase in resistance at the contact points:

the voltage decreases from 12 V to 7-8 V;
this is not enough to excite a powerful discharge in the secondary winding of the coil;
as a result, a low discharge on the spark plug, making it difficult to ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinders.

And if you add to this a dead battery and oily spark plugs with burnt contacts, then the sparking process becomes completely problematic.

Motorcyclists solve such defects as follows:

traditional soldering. The wiring on IZH Yu5 gets rid of plug connections and each wiring is soldered manually, followed by insulation;
installation of an additional toggle switch (in diagram No. 1), which turns off all consumers at the moment the engine starts. This allows the maximum voltage from the battery to be supplied to the coil;
alteration of the ignition switch.
A wire is soldered to the free connector of lock 4 (in diagram No. 2), the second end of which is fed to the positive terminal of the coil. The standard ignition wire from terminal 5 is transferred to terminal 6 and when this key position is activated, a simplified power supply circuit from the battery to the primary circuit of the coil is activated.

Conclusions: from this article you can learn not only tried and tested methods for improving the electrical part of a motorcycle (as in the article about the electrical wiring of the Java 350), but also watch video materials that clearly demonstrate the algorithm for modernization work.

Source

Wiring

The IZH Planeta-5 motorcycle is equipped with a standard set of incandescent lamps, switches and instruments. The 12-volt lamps are arranged in such a way that each can be replaced if necessary within a few minutes. The total number of light bulbs is 17 pieces, including:

parking light bulb;
high and low beam headlights;
control lamp, responsible for the operation of the generator;
speedometer indicator light;
turn signal lamps on the motorcycle handlebars, rear fender and side trailer;
side trailer marker lamp;
trailer brake light;
tail light lamp;
motorcycle brake light lamp;
high beam indicator light;
light for monitoring the neutral position of the gearbox;
turn signal indicator light;
neutral signal light.

The electrical circuit of the motorcycle includes the following devices:

generator;
turn signal switch;
brake light switch;
fuse;
neutral switch;
ignition switch;
sound signal;
accumulator battery;
turn signal switch;
spark plug;
ignition switch.

The electrical system includes a generator that powers an automatic non-contact ignition, independent of the battery. The IZH Planeta-5 motorcycle, whose wiring meets all safety requirements, is considered a good example of the rational use of electrical appliances.

Improving the standard system

The ignition system can be improved in other ways. To do this, you need to identify what problems there are with the wiring. They can occur in the primary circuit between the coil and the 12V battery or due to operating conditions. A visual inspection of the primary circuit can reveal problems with connections, contacts and the ignition switch.

If operating conditions are ideal, the primary circuit will operate with a 12V battery without failure.

But when dirt and dust get into the circuit, the resistance at the contact points increases, which entails a decrease in voltage from 12 Volts to 7-8 Volts. This voltage is not enough for a powerful discharge to appear in the secondary winding of the coil. As a result, a charge of less than 12 V appears on the spark plug, which poorly ignites the combustible mixture in the cylinders. Burnt contacts, oily spark plugs and batteries with a charge of less than 12 V further worsen sparking.

Standard wiring after modification

The following measures help solve these problems:

The plug connectors are removed and each wire is soldered using traditional soldering and then insulated.
An additional toggle switch is installed that turns off all consumers when the engine starts. Thus, the coils are supplied with 12 volt voltage from the battery (diagram 1).
Remake the ignition switch (IZ) (diagram 2). You need to take a wire and solder one end of it to the connector of lock 4, which is free, and the other to the positive terminal of the coil. The standard wire should be re-soldered from terminal 5 to terminal 6. After turning on this position of the key, power is supplied from the battery to the primary circuit according to a simplified scheme.

Thus, the changes made will make the electrical wiring of the IZH Jupiter 5 motorcycle more reliable and efficient.

Modifications

The IZH Planeta-5 model is basic.
Model with two mufflers, hydropneumatic front suspension, disc brake.
Modification with separate lubrication circuits, contactless electronic ignition system, spring shock absorber with hydraulics.
Modification with cast light alloy wheels.
Model with double-cam drum brake mechanism of the front wheel.
Model with a drum brake on the front wheel and a combined lubrication system.
Modification equipped with knee fairings and a luggage rack.
Model with cast wheels, luggage rack, half-fairings and roll bars.
Modification with two mufflers and front drum brake.

"IZH Planet 5": repair and prevention

Motorcycles, like any road equipment, need maintenance and repair. The IZH Planet-5 model has a fairly long service life, but at the same time the machine requires preventive and sometimes major repairs. Routine maintenance of the motorcycle can be limited to timely lubrication of the hinge and sliding components, which include the rear suspension bushings, chain drive, accelerator handle and front brake lever.

The brake mechanisms themselves also need periodic cleaning. If the front wheel of the motorcycle is equipped with a disc brake, it must be disassembled and washed with a liquid cleaner such as Schnell-Reiniger or another product of a similar effect. As a rule, front disc brake maintenance is carried out when replacing the pads.

If the motorcycle has drum brakes, they also need to be periodically disassembled, cleaned and adjusted. This must be done at least once a year, and in the event of extraneous sounds during movement, knocking or friction, an inspection of the brake mechanism should be carried out immediately. The malfunction can be eliminated by adjusting the unit, and if the part breaks or becomes deformed, it must be replaced. It is unacceptable to ride a motorcycle with faulty brakes.

Switching elements.

These include switches (high-low, turns, engine stop, etc.) as well as brake and neutral sensors and the ignition switch. You can easily “ring” them with a tester, finding out which contact group is not working.

Switching also includes the Izh electronic turn signal relay. Its malfunction is visible by the absence of interruption or no voltage supply to the turn signals.

As can be seen from all of the above, the wiring on Izh Planet is without any special secrets or complex elements, all its parts are easily diagnosed and repairs should not cause difficulties.

Now we advise you to watch the video, which shows in detail and clearly the assembly of the Izh Planet 5 circuit.

Checking the serviceability of the generator can be done on a motorcycle without disassembling the generator.

To carry out the work you will need a multimeter.

1. Place the motorcycle on the center stand or side stand.

2. Disconnect the battery by removing its fuse.

3. Remove the right cover of the power unit.

Major renovation

A technical revision of the IZH Planet-5 model should be carried out as necessary:

when the piston group wears out, when compression decreases and engine power drops;
when extraneous noise appears in the gearbox;
when the clutch “drives”.

Simultaneously with the overhaul of the motorcycle, you should carry out an inspection and preventive maintenance of all components and assemblies without exception, as well as touch up scratches and level out dents on the motorcycle body, if any.

If it is necessary to replace individual parts, they should only be replaced with new ones purchased in specialized stores. Spare parts for IZH Planet-5 are sold in a sufficient range.

Preventive motorcycle repairs can be done in a home workshop or garage. It is important that you have a set of necessary tools at hand, these are spanners and open-end wrenches, drifts, files and rasps, a vice, a drilling machine and a grinder.

Major repairs of a motorcycle, engine or gearbox are only possible in a specialized workshop equipped with all the necessary equipment, lathes and milling machines and a full set of metalworking tools.

If there is a need to replace a worn cylinder along with the piston, then you should purchase new parts in the original packaging, since in this case they will be matched in pairs and match the parameters. In this case, no adjustment is required.